The Nervous System and Diseases Essay - 1255 Words

Nervous System and Diseases Within the human anatomy, an intricate and complex network of specialised nerve fibres and neurons works in collaboration with the central nervous system and peripheral system, designed to carry out the various actions humans perform every day. The nervous system is also known as the master control unit of the human body, as it operates other major functions such as the circulatory and respiratory systems (Jakab, 2006). It is composed of the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The neurons established within the various sections of the nervous system, is structured with three main parts: a dendrite which is a cluster of branches that operates by receiving information from the†¦show more content†¦Whereas the spinal cord (often referred to as the brainstem) is the pathways that enables nerve impulses to reach their various destinations in the body. The central nervous system main function is to receive information from the different parts of t he body, in which must be analysed and stored in order for it to send out instructions based on those pieces of information. The central nervous system’s main function is to coordinate the numerous organs and muscles required to perform the individual’s desired action(s) (Walker, 2005). The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is connected directly to the central nervous system, and consists of neurons and nerves that send information back and forth the CNS. Furthermore, the peripheral nervous system can be divided into two sections, the sensory nervous system and the motor nervous system. The Sensory The sensory nervous system is in charge of transmitting data from a variety of internal organs or from external stimuli to the central nervous system using sensory nervous cells. On the other hand, the cells of the motor nervous system (motor neurons), take the impulse from the CNS to effectors, which include glands and muscles. In addition, the motor nervous system can be further divided into the somatic nervous system, controls voluntary actions of the skeletal muscle and external sensory organs, whilst the autonomic nervous system operatesShow MoreRelatedParkinson s Disease And The Disease Of The Nervous System703 Words   |  3 Pages Definition: â€Å"Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive disease of the nervous system characterized by the cardinal features of rigidity, bradykinesia, tremor, and postural instability† (O’Sullivan and Schmitz, 2007). The condition can develop between age group 60 and 80 years and symptoms mostly appear around 60 years of age (O’Sullivan and Schmitz, 2007). Parkinson’s disease or PD is classified into idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, parkinsonism due to identifiable causes and parkinsonism inRead MoreDisorders of the Nervous System: Huntington’s disease800 Words   |  4 PagesDisorders of the Nervous System: Huntington’s disease Huntington’s disease destroys the organs that carry the functions of the central nervous system. Kalat (2013) states, â€Å"Huntington disease (also known as Huntington disease or Huntington’s Chorea) is a severe neurological disorder that strikes about 1 person in 10,000 in the United States† (A.B. Young, 1995, p. 258).Individual’s develop the symptoms in their middle age, but even if it is a rare disorders juveniles as well as children before theRead MoreHuntington s Disease And The Nervous System856 Words   |  4 Pages Huntington’s disease, also known as Huntington’s chorea, is a rare pathology among the nervous system. With fewer than 200,000 US cases per year is an inherited condition in which nerve cells in the brain break down over a period of time. This disease will usually start to effect people when they are in their 30s or 40s. Huntington’s usually results in psychiatric symptoms, progressive movement and thinking. No c ure to this disease exists but physical therapy, drugs, and talk therapy can help manageRead MoreThe Nervous System Of Alzheimer s Disease2481 Words   |  10 PagesA. Alzheimer’s disease The nervous system in general is quite a complex and sophisticated system which is responsible for regulating and coordinating the body’s activities. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, mainly responsible for gathering information and responds to any changes within environment. Alzheimer’s disease known to be a neurological disorder of the central nervous system is an irreversible disorder in which brain cells deteriorate resulting to loss ofRead MoreThe Batten Disease And Its Effects On The Nervous System1697 Words   |  7 PagesExtra Credit Paper Batten Disease The Batten disease is characterized as an autosomal recessive, fatal disorder that consists of detrimental effects on the nervous system. Although the disease typically presents during childhood, there are many forms that show signs at various ages. Batten disease, also known as Spielmeyer-Vogt-Sjà ¶gren-Batten disease, is named after the British pediatrician who first correlated its symptoms with the disease progression in 1903. This disease is the most common typeRead MoreExperimental Autoimmune Disease Of The Central Nervous System1549 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Multiple Sclerosis (M.S) is a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS) that leads to a variety of disabilities, including: asthenia, lack of coordination, abnormal vision, cognitive changes, and sexual and urinary dysfunction(1). M.S pathogenesis involves a complex process of the activity of macrophages and micro-glial cells that leads to differentiation of specific neural Th1 lymphocytes (Myelin auto reactive T-Cells) and secretion of pro-inflammatoryRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis : A Disease Of The Central Nervous System2024 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the Central nervous system that progresses over a period time (â€Å"NINDS,† 2015). The central nervous system (CNS) includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Damage to the central nervous system may interfere with sensory, motor, and cognitive functions. Myelin is an insulating layer around neuron processes that serves as a protective barrier (â€Å"MedlinePlus,†2016). In the case of Multiple Sclerosis, this protective layer is permanentlyRead MoreParkinson s Disease : A Nervous System Disorder2308 Words   |  10 PagesParkinson’s Disease (PD) is a nervous system disorder that affects nearly five million people world wide. Most of the effects of PD are movement based. It is more prevalent in men and the chance of developing the disease increases with age. Fifteen percent of those with Parkinson’s have been identified as having a family history of the disease. Those who are 80 or older may be one- thousand times more likely to develop PD than those under 40 (Jankovic Tolosa, 2015). The symptoms of PD wereRead MoreThe Effects Of Neurodegenerative Diseases On Central Nervous System Essay1260 Words   |  6 Pages Abstract— Neurodegenerative diseases causes a wide variety of mental symptoms whose evolution is not directly related to the analysis made by radiologists on basis of images, who can hardly quantify systematic differences. This paper presents a new automatic (Based on software program) image analysis method that reveals different brain patterns associated to the presence of neurodegenerative diseases, finding systematic differences and therefore grading objectively any neurological disorder. AnRead MoreCentral Nervous System Diseases: Multiple Sclerosis1303 Words   |  5 Pagesdemyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Demyelination affects white and grey matter (Kieseier and Stuve, 2011; Stadelman et al., 2011), and it is accompained by disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), inflammatory infiltrates consisting of monocyte-derived macrophages and lymphocytes, and axonal degeneration (Trapp and Nave, 2008). As a consequence, MS patients usually suffer from loss of moto r and sensory function, and cognitive impairment. During the disease course, especially